Continuity tester
Beeps on a closed circuit. Touch the probes across a wire, fuse or track: if it conducts, base current flows through 10 kΩ into the transistor, which switches the buzzer on. An open circuit stays silent.

Build it in the labGuided build, test sheet and fault finding, free in your browser.
Parts list
Test procedure
Each test has an expected value and a pass range, like a factory test sheet:
- Probes touching
- Probes apart
How it works
What it does: Beeps on a closed circuit.
Build it (guided or ready-made), then run its test procedure below. Every test has an expected value and a pass range, just like a factory test sheet.
Background
The cheapest useful tool on a bench; still faster than reading a meter for checking cables.